{"created":"2024-01-10T06:13:08.881368+00:00","id":2000148,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"44afd49c-b5ec-49d6-964a-1c75277f3831"},"_deposit":{"created_by":12,"id":"2000148","owners":[12],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2000148"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:kumadai.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000148","sets":["399:562","585:620:1703568889627"]},"author_link":[],"control_number":"2000148","item_15_biblio_info_6":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2023-12-18","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"81","bibliographicPageStart":"75","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"72","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"熊本大学教育学部紀要","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"}]}]},"item_15_description_5":{"attribute_name":"内容記述","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"The objective case of the third person plural pronoun, i.e., them often takes the form of 'em when it is pronounced as its weak/unstressed form in informal speech of Present-day Standard English (PSE). Here, however, what the apostrophe abbreviates is not the voiced dental fricative /ð/ sound which is spelled <th>, because this kind of sound-dropping does not seem phonetically relevant. As a matter of fact, this abbreviation is thought to be /h/-dropping of hem, which was the forerunner of them in PSE and used in Middle English; them was a loanword from Old Norse and not derived from the original native pronoun in Old English. Therefore we find that even now we are still using in our spoken language a revised version of the ancient third person plural pronoun. Then, does the word-initial /ð/ sound in English never drop in any environment? In reality, we can say that we do have some examples of that kind. One of such cases is assimilation of the /ð/ sound by the immediately preceding /n/ sound in the strings like in the or on the in informal speech; they sound like /innə/ or /ɔnnə/. Also we have some idioms like at last, etc. or interjections like attaboy, etc., and especially in the latter we are sure to find the phenomenon to be regarded as a pure kind of word-initial /ð/-dropping, because there is no sound at all before the dropped /ð/ sound of the expression.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_15_publisher_36":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"熊本大学教育学部","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_15_source_id_7":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"2188-1871","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_15_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AA12653153","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_15_version_type_19":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"松瀬, 憲司","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"マツセ, ケンジ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"Kenji, Matsuse","creatorNameLang":"en"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2024-01-10"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"KKK0072_075-081.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"2 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"KKK0072_075-081.pdf","url":"https://kumadai.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000148/files/KKK0072_075-081.pdf"},"version_id":"af0bde71-8134-495a-869f-dab28a7cc541"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"weak/unstressed form","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"'em","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"voiced dental fricative","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"dropping","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"spoken language","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"assimilation","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"英語の語頭有声歯摩擦音/ð/ が消えるとき","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"英語の語頭有声歯摩擦音/ð/ が消えるとき","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"エイゴ ノ ゴトウ ユウセイ ハ マサツオン ð ガ キエル トキ","subitem_title_language":"ja-Kana"},{"subitem_title":"When the word-initial voiced dental fricative /ð/ in English disappears","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"15","owner":"12","path":["1703568889627","562"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2024-01-10"},"publish_date":"2024-01-10","publish_status":"0","recid":"2000148","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["英語の語頭有声歯摩擦音/ð/ が消えるとき"],"weko_creator_id":"12","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2024-04-01T04:35:35.515106+00:00"}