@article{oai:kumadai.repo.nii.ac.jp:00027868,
 author = {片岡, 宜子 and Kataoka, Noriko},
 journal = {International Journal of Social and Cultural Studies},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 論文(Article), Faced with evermore advancing medical technologies, bioethicists are being asked to provide more insights. The difficulty faced by bioethicists is that there is a wide gap between ethics, which tends to appreciate universal values more as a discipline, and the real situation, in which
values appear to be in a constant flux. Only by describing the facts can we formulate appropriate theories of ethics. This paper argues that descriptive (empirical) research is an essential method in the discipline of bioethics. First, I will introduce a model which encompasses both topdown and bottom-up approaches as a useful model to formulate effective theoretical and practical responses to current bioethical issues. Second, I will present some results from two questionnaire surveys. Third, I will discuss the implications of these studies and any aspects that need to be investigated in the future.},
 pages = {43--53},
 title = {Descriptive Research is a Necessity for Ethics},
 volume = {2},
 year = {2009}
}